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中华危重症医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (06) : 465 -472. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2024.06.005

论著

静脉淤血超声评分与脓毒症患者急性肾损伤的相关性研究
陈工泽1, 宋佳2, 陈文玮1, 胡伟航2, 来鑫乐2, 杨凯1, 龚仕金2,()   
  1. 1.310053 杭州,浙江中医药大学第二临床医学院
    2.310013 杭州,浙江医院重症医学科
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-06 出版日期:2024-12-31
  • 通信作者: 龚仕金
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省医药卫生重大科技计划项目(WKJ-ZJ-1601)浙江省医药卫生科研基金项目(2021KY007、2023KY004)

A association study between venous excess ultrasound score and acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis

Gongze Chen1, Jia Song2, Wenwei Chen1, Weihang Hu2, Xinle Lai2, Kai Yang1, Shijin Gong2,()   

  1. 1.The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou 310053, China
    2.Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
  • Received:2024-09-06 Published:2024-12-31
  • Corresponding author: Shijin Gong
引用本文:

陈工泽, 宋佳, 陈文玮, 胡伟航, 来鑫乐, 杨凯, 龚仕金. 静脉淤血超声评分与脓毒症患者急性肾损伤的相关性研究[J/OL]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(06): 465-472.

Gongze Chen, Jia Song, Wenwei Chen, Weihang Hu, Xinle Lai, Kai Yang, Shijin Gong. A association study between venous excess ultrasound score and acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2024, 17(06): 465-472.

目的

探讨静脉淤血超声评分(VExUS)与脓毒症患者发生急性肾损伤(AKI)的相关性。

方法

前瞻性研究2022 年10 月至2023 年12 月入住浙江医院ICU 的54 例脓毒症患者,根据住ICU 期间是否发生AKI,将所有患者分为AKI 组(25 例)和非AKI 组(29 例)。比较两组患者的一般临床资料、血流动力学指标、实验室指标、静脉淤血及心脏超声指标,并采用广义估计方程(GEE)评估VExUS 与脓毒症患者发生AKI 的相关性。

结果

AKI 组的序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分、急性病生理学和长期健康评价(APACHE)Ⅱ评分、肌酐、尿素氮、降钙素原(PCT)、脑钠肽(BNP)、72 h 液体平衡量均高于非AKI 组,而肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、血红蛋白、72 h 总尿量均低于非AKI 组(P 均<0.05)。AKI 组第1 天[1.0(0.0,2.2)vs.0.0(0.0,1.0)]、第3 天[2.0(1.0,3.0)vs.1.0(0.0,2.0)]及第5 天[1.0(0.0,2.0)vs.0.0(0.0,1.0)]的VExUS 均高于非AKI 组(U = 2.349、2.441、2.536,P=0.019、0.015、0.011)。VExUS 与液体平衡量、外周体征评分、BNP 均呈正相关(r=0.314、0.287、0.351,P 均<0.05)。GEE 分析发现VExUS [比值比 = 1.661,95%置信区间(1.180,2.339),P=0.004]是影响脓毒症患者AKI 发生的独立危险因素。

结论

VExUS 与脓毒症患者住ICU 期间AKI 的发生相关。床旁超声有助于评估脓毒症患者的静脉淤血情况,指导容量管理策略。

Objective

To explore the association between venous excess ultrasound score(VExUS) and acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with sepsis.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted on 54 sepsis patients admitted to the ICU of Zhejiang Hospital from October 2022 to December 2023.Based on whether AKI occurred during their stay in the ICU, all patients were divided into an AKI group (25 cases) and a non-AKI group (29 cases).The general clinical data, hemodynamic indicators, laboratory indicators, venous congestion, and cardiac ultrasound indicators were compared, and the generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to evaluate the correlation between VExUS and AKI in sepsis patients.

Results

The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation(APACHE) II score, creatinine, urea nitrogen, procalcitonin (PCT), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),and 72-h fluid balance in the AKI group were higher than those in the non-AKI group, while the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hemoglobin, and 72-h total urine output were lower (all P <0.05).The VExUS of the AKI group on the first day [1.0 (0.0, 2.2) vs.0.0 (0.0, 1.0)], third day [2.0 (1.0, 3.0) vs.1.0 (0.0, 2.0)], and fifth day [1.0 (0.0, 2.0) vs.0.0 (0.0, 1.0)] was higher than that of the non-AKI group (U=2.349, 2.441, 2.536; P=0.019, 0.015, 0.011).VExUS was positively correlated with the fluid balance, peripheral sign score, and BNP (r = 0.314, 0.287,0.351; all P <0.05).GEE analysis found that VExUS [odds ratio = 1.661, 95% confidence interval (1.180, 2.339), P = 0.004] was an independent risk factor for AKI in sepsis patients.

Conclusions

VExUS is associated with the occurrence of AKI during ICU stay for sepsis patients.Bedside ultrasound is helpful in evaluating venous congestion and guiding volume management strategies.

图1 HV、PV、RV 的超声多普勒血流评估 注:HV.肝静脉;PV.门静脉;RV.肾静脉;PI.搏动指数;图a 显示S 波大于D 波,评分为0 分;图b 显示随着HV 淤血程度加重,D 波将逐渐增大,而S 波则逐渐减小,此时S 波小于D 波,评分为1 分;图c 显示当HV 严重淤血时,S 波将发生反转或呈双向,基线以下只有D 波,评分为2 分;图d 显示PI <30%,评分为0 分;图e 显示PI 为30%~50%,评分为1 分;图f 显示PI <50%,评分为2 分;图g 显示RV 呈连续性的单相血流频谱,评分为0 分;图h 显示随着RV 淤血的增加,收缩期血流逐渐减少,静脉频谱由连续性模式转变为搏动性模式,表现为舒张期和收缩期的双相频谱,此时评分为1 分;图i 显示RV 严重淤血时,收缩期血流频谱发生翻转,在基线上方与动脉波形合并,基线以下只显示舒张期的单相频谱,此时评分为2 分
表1 两组脓毒症患者的一般临床资料比较[M(P25,P75)]
表2 两组脓毒症患者的血流动力学、实验室和超声指标的比较[M(P25,P75)]
表3 两组脓毒症患者入ICU 后第1、3、5 天VExUS 的比较[分,M(P25,P75)]
图2 所有脓毒症患者第1、3、5 天VExUS 变化的桑基图 注:VExUS.静脉淤血超声评分;桑基图示脓毒症患者不同的病情变化,导致VExUS 在5 d 内呈现增长或者下降趋势
表4 VExUS 与临床上常用的容量指标的相关性分析
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