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Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01): 5-10. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2025.01.002

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Clinical features and prognosis of diabetic ketoacidosis combined with acute pancreatitis

Min Huang1, Dahua Dai1, Hongmei Huang1, Bao Fu1, Xiaoyun Fu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Critical Care Medicine,Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563003,China
  • Received:2024-10-24 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-04-15
  • Contact: Xiaoyun Fu

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) combined with acute pancreatitis (AP),and to explore their predictive value for DKA combined with AP.

Methods

A total of 63 patients with DKA who were admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2017 to April 2023 were enrolled.According to whether AP was combined,they were divided into a DKA group (40 cases) and a DKA + AP group (23 cases),and the clinical data and prognostic characteristics of the two groups were compared.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of DKA combined with AP; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze their predictive value for DKA combined with AP and the area under the curve (AUC) was compared.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in diabetes diagnosis,C-reactive protein,triglyceride,serum potassium (K +),serum chloride (Cl -),non-invasive ventilator use,total hospitalization cost,and all-cause readmission within 3 months between the two groups (all P <0.05).Compared with the DKA group,the DKA + AP group had more patients with unknown previous diabetes mellitus and fewer patients with type 1 diabetes (both P <0.017).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that K+ [odds ratio (OR)=0.134,95% confidence interval (CI)(0.028,0.645),P = 0.012] was a protective factor for DKA combined with AP,while triglyceride was a risk factor [OR=1.918,95%CI (1.229,2.994),P=0.004].ROC analysis showed that the AUC of K+ was 0.697 [95%CI (0.559,0.835),P=0.010],the sensitivity was 0.739,the specificity was 0.650,and the cut-off value was 3.880 mmol/L.The AUC of triglyceride was 0.878 [95%CI (0.786,0.970),P <0.001],the sensitivity was 0.957,the specificity was 0.675,and the cut-off value was 1.940 mmol / L.The AUC of triglyceride for predicting DKA combined with AP was higher than that of K+ (Z=1.964,P=0.049).

Conclusions

Patients with an unknown history of diabetes mellitus are more likely to have AP when DKA occurs.High triglycerides are risk factors for DKA combined with AP and thus have some value in predicting the concurrent AP in patients with DKA.

Key words: Diabetes ketoacidosis, Acute pancreatitis, Clinical characteristics, Diabetes, Hyperlipidemia

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