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中华危重症医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (01) : 6 -12. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2023.01.002

论著

体外膜肺氧合联合主动脉内球囊反搏在暴发性心肌炎救治中的应用
陈娇1, 王立伟1, 孙斌1, 张萌1, 刘倩1, 周美艳1, 丁文平1, 张伟2,()   
  1. 1. 221000 江苏徐州,徐州市中心医院麻醉科
    2. 221000 江苏徐州,徐州市中心医院心脏外科
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-27 出版日期:2023-02-28
  • 通信作者: 张伟
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82071903); 徐州市卫生健康委青年医学科技创新项目(XWKYHT20210591)

Application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with intra-aortic balloon pumping in the treatment of fulminant myocarditis

Jiao Chen1, Liwei Wang1, Bin Sun1, Meng Zhang1, Qian Liu1, Meiyan Zhou1, Wenping Ding1, Wei Zhang2,()   

  1. 1. Department of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, China
    2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221000, China
  • Received:2022-08-27 Published:2023-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Wei Zhang
引用本文:

陈娇, 王立伟, 孙斌, 张萌, 刘倩, 周美艳, 丁文平, 张伟. 体外膜肺氧合联合主动脉内球囊反搏在暴发性心肌炎救治中的应用[J]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 16(01): 6-12.

Jiao Chen, Liwei Wang, Bin Sun, Meng Zhang, Qian Liu, Meiyan Zhou, Wenping Ding, Wei Zhang. Application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with intra-aortic balloon pumping in the treatment of fulminant myocarditis[J]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2023, 16(01): 6-12.

目的

探讨体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)联合主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)在暴发性心肌炎救治中的安全性和有效性。

方法

回顾性分析2015年9月至2022年3月徐州市中心医院收治的22例应用ECMO治疗的暴发性心肌炎患者的一般资料。根据是否行IABP,将22例患者分为ECMO组(5例)和ECMO联合IABP组(17例)。比较两组患者的血流动力学和心功能指标变化、机械循环辅助时间、预后及并发症情况。

结果

22例暴发性心肌炎患者中6例发生心脏骤停,ECMO前心肺复苏时间2 ~ 32 min,3例患者因三度房室传导阻滞行临时起搏器治疗,4例患者因急性肾衰竭行血液净化治疗。与ECMO组相比,ECMO联合IABP组患者ECMO置入24、48 h及ECMO撤机前2 h平均动脉压均明显上升(t = 4.818、2.215、2.770,P = 0.001、0.039、0.012);ECMO置入24、48 h时,左心室射血分数均上升(t = 4.566、6.300,P = 0.001、0.001),乳酸(t = 2.585、3.576,P = 0.018、0.002)、心肌肌钙蛋白(t = 2.821、2.328,P = 0.011、0.031)及肌红蛋白(t = 6.290、2.137,P = 0.001、0.045)均明显下降,且ECMO置入48 h和ECMO撤机前2 h脑钠肽(t = 2.296、2.654,P = 0.033、0.015)及ECMO置入48 h肌酸激酶同工酶(t = 2.392,P = 0.027)亦均明显下降。ECMO联合IABP组患者的ECMO支持时间[(108 ± 27)h vs.(138 ± 15)h,t = 2.326,P = 0.031]、急性肾功能衰竭(1/17 vs. 3/5,P = 0.024)及多器官功能衰竭(0/17 vs. 2/5,P = 0.043)的发生情况均明显低于ECMO组;而两组患者撤机成功(15/17 vs. 4/5,P = 1.000)及存活出院(13/17 vs. 4/5,P = 1.000)情况比较,差异均无统计学意义。

结论

ECMO联合IABP可显著改善患者血流动力学和内环境,减少ECMO循环支持时间、急性肾功能衰竭及多器官功能衰竭并发症发生率。

Objective

To investigate the safety and efficacy of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) in the treatment of fulminant myocarditis.

Methods

The clinical date of 22 patients with fulminant myocarditis treated by ECMO admitted to Xuzhou Central Hospital from September 2015 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether they underwent IABP or not, 22 patients were divided into an ECMO group (n = 5) and an ECMO combined with IABP group (n = 17). The hemodynamic and cardiac function changes, mechanical circulation assistance time, prognosis and complications were compared between the two groups.

Results

Six of the 22 patients with fulminant myocarditis occurred cardiac arrest, and the cardiopulmonary resuscitation time before ECMO was 2-32 minutes; three experienced temporary pacemaker due to third degree atrioventricular block; four underwent blood purification due to acute renal failure. Compared with the ECMO group, the mean arterial pressure increased significantly after 24 h, 48 h of ECMO support and before 2 h of weaning (t = 4.818, 2.215, 2.770; P = 0.001, 0.039, 0.012) in the ECMO combined with IABP group. The left ventricular ejection fraction increased (t = 4.566, 6.300; P = 0.001, 0.001), while the lactate (t = 2.585, 3.576; P = 0.018, 0.002), cardiac troponin (t = 2.821, 2.328; P = 0.011, 0.031) and myoglobin (t = 6.290, 2.137; P = 0.001, 0.045) decreased at 24 h and 48 h after ECMO placement in the ECMO combined with IABP group than in the ECMO group. The brain natriuretic peptide (t = 2.296, 2.654; P = 0.033, 0.015) after 48 h of ECMO placement and before 2 h of weaning and creatine kinase isoenzymes (t = 2.392, P = 0.027) at 48 h after ECMO placement all decreased significantly in the ECMO combined with IABP group than in the ECMO group. The ECMO support time [(108 ± 27) h vs. (138 ± 15) h, t = 2.326, P = 0.031], incidence of acute renal failure (1/17 vs. 3/5, P = 0.024) and incidence of multiple organ failure (0/17 vs. 2/5, P = 0.043) in the ECMO combined with IABP group significantly decreased than those in the ECMO group. There were no significant differences in the weaning success rate (15/17 vs. 4/5, P = 1.000) and discharge survival rate (13/17 vs. 4/5, P = 1.000) between the two groups.

Conclusion

ECMO combined with IABP can significantly improve the hemodynamics and internal environment, reduce the ECMO circulatory support time and the incidence of acute renal failure and multiple organ failure of patients with fulminant myocarditis.

表1 两组暴发性心肌炎患者一般资料比较
表2 两组暴发性心肌炎患者血流动力学及乳酸值比较( ± s
表3 两组暴发性心肌炎患者心肌酶值比较( ± s
表4 两组暴发性心肌炎患者ECMO支持时间、并发症及预后比较
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