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中华危重症医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (03) : 199 -205. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2021.03.005

论著

肺部超声在急性下壁右室心肌梗死容量管理中的价值研究
曹秋玫1, 徐敏1,(), 张毅刚1   
  1. 1. 221009 江苏徐州,徐州市中心医院,南京医科大学徐州临床医学院心内科、徐州市心血管病研究所
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-25 出版日期:2021-06-30
  • 通信作者: 徐敏
  • 基金资助:
    徐州市科学技术局应用基础研究计划项目(KH17040)

Application of lung ultrasound in volume management of acute inferior wall and right ventricular myocardial infarction

Qiumei Cao1, Min Xu1,(), Yigang Zhang1   

  1. 1. Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Xuzhou Central Hospital; Xuzhou Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University; Xuzhou 221009, China
  • Received:2021-01-25 Published:2021-06-30
  • Corresponding author: Min Xu
引用本文:

曹秋玫, 徐敏, 张毅刚. 肺部超声在急性下壁右室心肌梗死容量管理中的价值研究[J]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2021, 14(03): 199-205.

Qiumei Cao, Min Xu, Yigang Zhang. Application of lung ultrasound in volume management of acute inferior wall and right ventricular myocardial infarction[J]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2021, 14(03): 199-205.

目的

探讨肺部超声在急性下壁右室心肌梗死容量管理中的临床价值。

方法

回顾性分析2016年3月至2018年9月徐州市中心医院心内科收治的218例急性下壁右室心肌梗死并接受急诊血运重建治疗的患者。根据是否接受了床旁肺部超声及下腔静脉超声指导治疗,将入选患者分为对照组(88例)和观察组(130例)。对照组患者仅行超声心动图等常规检查及治疗;观察组在常规治疗基础上加用肺部超声及下腔静脉超声检查。记录所有患者的一般资料、床旁超声心动图、肺部超声、下腔静脉超声、血常规、生化全项、肾功能变化及冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病重症监护病房(CCU)住院时间。采用Spearman相关分析探讨肺部超声彗星尾征(ULCs)、氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)与左心室射血分数(LVEF)的相关性;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估ULCs、NT-proBNP和LVEF的诊断价值,并用Z检验比较三者的曲线下面积(AUC)。

结果

ULCs和NT-proBNP具有良好的相关性(r = 0.523,P < 0.001),而LVEF和NT-proBNP、ULCs相关性均较弱(r = -0.352、-0.343,P均< 0.001)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,ULCs [AUC = 0.895,95%置信区间(CI)(0.829,0.942),P < 0.001]、NT-proBNP [AUC = 0.803,95%CI(0.740,0.866),P < 0.001]和LVEF [AUC = 0.683,95%CI(0.617,0.744),P < 0.001]均对急性下壁右室心肌梗死患者心力衰竭具有诊断价值,且ULCs的AUC优于LVEF(Z = 3.604,P < 0.001)和NT-proBNP(Z = 1.249,P = 0.042)。观察组患者应用呋塞米[33.1%(43 / 130)vs. 54.5%(48 / 88),χ2 = 9.946,P = 0.002]及其应用剂量[60(20,60)mg vs. 60(20,100)mg,H = 2.082,P = 0.037]、症状性心力衰竭[33.8%(44 / 130)vs. 54.5%(48 / 88),χ2 = 9.218,P = 0.002]、出院肌酐[58(48,70)μmol / L vs. 67(54,86)μmol / L,H = 3.780,P < 0.001]和CCU住院天数[(3.2 ± 1.0)d vs.(3.6 ± 1.3)d,t = 2.728,P = 0.007]均较对照组显著降低。

结论

肺部超声联合下腔静脉超声及超声心动图可以减少急性下壁右室心肌梗死症状性心力衰竭发生率,优化容量管理,减少肾功能损害及缩短CCU住院时间,值得在CCU广泛推广。

Objective

To investigate the clinical value of lung ultrasound in the volume management of patients with acute inferior wall and right ventricular myocardial infarction.

Methods

Totally 218 patients with acute inferior wall and right ventricular myocardial infarction and treated with emergency revascularization in the Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital from March 2016 to September 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on whether they received bedside lung ultrasound and inferior vena cava ultrasound guidance therapy, patients were divided into a control group (n = 88) and an observation group (n = 130). Patients in the control group only performed echocardiography and other routine examinations, and patients in the observation group used lung ultrasound and inferior vena cava ultrasound on the basis of routine therapy. The general data, bedside echocardiography, lung ultrasound, inferior vena cava ultrasound, blood routine, biochemical terms, renal function changes and hospitalization time in the coronary care unit (CCU) were recorded for all patients. The correlation of ultrasound lung comets (ULCs), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was investigated by Spearman correlation analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic value of ULCs, NT-proBNP and LVEF, and the area under the curve (AUC) was compared by the Z-test.

Results

The ULCs and NT-proBNP were well correlated (r = 0.523, P < 0.001), while LVEF was poorly correlated with both NT-proBNP and ULCs (r = -0.352, -0.343; both P < 0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that ULCs [AUC = 0.895, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.829, 0.942), P < 0.001], NT-proBNP [AUC = 0.803, 95%CI (0.740, 0.866), P < 0.001] and LVEF [AUC = 0.683, 95%CI (0.617, 0.744), P < 0.001] had diagnostic value for heart failure in patients with acute inferior wall and right ventricular myocardial infarction; moreover, the AUC of ULCs was better than that of LVEF (Z = 3.604, P < 0.001) and NT-proBNP (Z = 1.249, P = 0.042). The use of furosemide [33.1% (43 / 130) vs. 54.5% (48 / 88), χ2 = 9.946, P = 0.002] and its dose [60 (20, 60) mg vs. 60 (20, 100) mg, H = 2.082, P = 0.037], symptomatic heart failure [33.8% (44 / 130) vs. 54.5% (48 / 88), χ2 = 9.218, P = 0.002], discharge creatinine [58 (48, 70) μmol / L vs. 67 (54, 86) μmol / L, H = 3.780, P < 0.001] and hospitalization time in the CCU [(3.2 ± 1.0) d vs. (3.6 ± 1.3) d, t = 2.728, P = 0.007] in the observation group were all significantly lower compared with those in the control group.

Conclusion

Lung ultrasound combined with inferior vena cava ultrasound and echocardiography can reduce the incidence of symptomatic heart failure, optimize volume management, reduce renal function damage and shorten length of stay in the CCU for patients with acute inferior wall and right ventricular myocardial infarction, which is worthy of wide promotion in the CCU.

表1 2组急性下壁右室心肌梗死患者一般资料比较( ± s
图1 ULCs、NT-proBNP及LVEF间相关性分析散点图
表2 ROC曲线分析ULCs、NT-proBNP和LVEF对急性下壁右室心肌梗死患者心力衰竭的诊断价值
图2 不同变量诊断价值的ROC曲线
表3 2组急性下壁右室心肌梗死患者肾功能变化及CCU住院时间比较[MP25P75)]
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