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Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01): 18-24. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2025.01.004

• Original Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on acute leukemia and factors influencing its recurrence

Wenjun Ling1,(), Lingjun Wan2, Yan Zhang3   

  1. 1. Department of Transplantation,Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital,Langfang 065200,China
    2. Cell Morphology Room,Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital,Langfang 065200,China
    3. Department of Cell Genetics and Molecular Cell Genetics,Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital,Langfang 065200,China
  • Received:2024-07-01 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-04-15
  • Contact: Wenjun Ling

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the treatment of acute leukemia and to analyze the factors affecting its recurrence.

Methods

A total of 172 acute leukemia patients admitted to the Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital from August 2020 to August 2022 were selected as study subjects.According to different treatment methods,they were divided into an observation group and a control group,each with 86 cases.The observation group was treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT),and the control group was treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).The clinical data,therapeutic effect and recurrence rate of the two groups were compared.Patients were followed up for 1 year and divided into a recurrence group (38 cases) and a non-recurrence group (134 cases)according to their recurrence status.A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to analyze the factors affecting the recurrence of patients.Then a prediction model was established and verified based on the influencing factors.

Results

The remission rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [96.51%(83 / 86) vs.88.37% (76/86),χ2=4.077,P=0.043],while the recurrence rate was lower [13.95% (12/86) vs.30.23% (26/86),χ2=6.621,P=0.010].Through GEE model analysis,it was found that gender(male),age >45 years old,lymphocyte count ≤3 × 109/ L,white blood cell count >40 × 109/ L,platelet count ≤200×109/L,monocyte count >3 × 108/kg,CD34+ cell count >3 × 106/kg and type of acute leukemia (acute lymphoblastic leukemia) were risk factors for recurrence of acute leukemia (all P <0.05).The regression equation was as follows: P = 1 /[1 + exp (0.835 + male ×1.032+age >45 years old×0.921+lymphocyte count ≤3×109/L×1.103+white blood cell count >40×109/L×0.503+platelet count ≤200×109/L×0.883+monocyte count >3 ×108/kg×0.868+CD34+ cell count >3 × 106 / kg × 0.799 + acute lymphoblastic leukemia × 1.013)]; the predicted model agreement rate was 82.56%.

Conclusions

HSCT is effective in the treatment of acute leukemia.Compared with allo-HSCT,auto-HSCT has higher remission rate and lower recurrence rate.Relapse is affected by many factors,and the prediction model can provide clinical decision support.

Key words: Acute leukemia, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Curative effect, Recurrence, Influencing factor

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