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Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition) ›› 2020, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02): 93-99. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2020.02.004

Special Issue:

• Original Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Clinical efficacy of early application of airway pressure release ventilation on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Weigang Yue1,(), Fei Xiang2, Ying Zhang1, Youfei Jiang1, Peng Yuan1, Xin Feng1, Ruiyuan Yin1, Zhigang Zhang1, Bin Li1   

  1. 1. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2. Department of Medicine Intensive Care Unit, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
  • Received:2019-09-20 Online:2020-04-01 Published:2020-04-01
  • Contact: Weigang Yue
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Yue Weigang, Email:

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the clinical effect of early application of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods

Seventy-one ARDS patients admitted to the Department of Intensive Care Medicine of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from September 2017 to June 2019 were divided into a APRV group (n = 36) and a low tidal volume (LTV) group (n = 35). Patients in the APRV group were initially given a volume-assisted control ventilation mode and then changed to an APRV mode after measuring airway plateau pressure. At the same time, patients in the LTV group were given LTV ventilation. The target tidal volume was set to 6-8 mL/kg, and the positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) level, tidal volume and respiratory rate were adjusted according to the ARDSnet protocol in the LTV group. The general data of patients in these two groups were recorded, and the ventilator parameters, respiratory mechanics indexes, blood gas indexes, circulation indexes and prognosis were compared after 1 and 7 days of mechanical ventilation. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn to compare 28-day survival between these two groups.

Results

After 7 days of mechanical ventilation, the fraction of inspiratory oxygen (FiO2) [(47 ± 5)% vs. (66 ± 5)%, t = 3.746, P < 0.001], respiratory rate [(24 ± 4) breaths/min vs. (18 ± 4) breaths/min, t = 3.453, P < 0.001], PEEP [(5.6 ± 2.3) cmH2O vs. (10.8 ± 4.4) cmH2O, t = 3.011, P < 0.001], peak airway pressure [23.9 (18.5, 29.6) cmH2O vs. 25.1 (11.3, 31.8) cmH2O, H = 2.736, P = 0.014], airway platform pressure [22.2 (18.7, 24.3) cmH2O vs. 19.6 (17.2, 22.4) cmH2O, H = 2.154, P = 0.023], mean airway pressure [23.8 (22.1, 24.3) cmH2O vs. 15.4 (13.9, 19.4) cmH2O, H = 2.814, P = 0.018], lung compliance [52.7 (37.4, 62.3) mL/cmH2O vs. 41.8 (31.5, 57.6) mL/cmH2O, H = 2.008, P = 0.034], arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) [(89 ± 7) mmHg vs. (72 ± 7) mmHg, t = 2.324, P < 0.001], PaO2/FiO2 [(201 ± 15) mmHg vs. (140 ± 12) mmHg,t = 2.743,P < 0.001], arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) [(95.4 ± 2.1)% vs. (92.3 ± 1.8)%, t = 2.658, P < 0.001], heart rate [(99 ± 9) beats/min vs. (108 ± 9) beats/min, t = 2.733, P = 0.014] and mean arterial pressure [(84 ± 11) mmHg vs. (74 ± 13) mmHg, t = 3.012, P = 0.011] were statistically significantly different between the APRV group and LTV group. Compared with the LTV group, the mechanical ventilation time [(9.6 ± 2.2) d vs. (11.9 ± 2.9) d, t = 3.687, P < 0.001], ICU stay [(11.3 ± 3.1) d vs. (13.2 ± 2.7) d, t = 2.722, P = 0.008], and hospital stay [(13.9 ± 2.5) d vs. (16.2 ± 2.4) d, t = 3.924, P = 0.004] were significantly shorter, and the successful extubation rate [80.6% (29/36) vs. 54.3% (19/35), χ2 = 5.592, P = 0.018] significantly increased, while the lung recovery [5.6% (2/36) vs. 48.6% (17/35), χ2 = 16.753, P < 0.001], ventilation in prone position [11.1% (4/36) vs. 34.3% (12/35) , χ2 = 5.460, P = 0.019], aerothorax [8.3% (3/36) vs. 28.6% (10/35), χ2 = 4.860, P = 0.028] and 28-day hospitalization mortality [13.9% (5/36) vs. 34.3% (12/35), χ2 = 4.054, P = 0.044] significantly decreased in the APRV group. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the survival of ARDS patients in the APRV group was significantly better than that in the LTV group (χ2 = 4.118, P = 0.015).

Conclusion

Compared with the LTV group, early application of APRV can improve oxygenation and respiratory compliance in patients with ARDS, improve their success rate of extubation and reduce their incidence of pneumothorax, duration of mechanical ventilation and length of hospital stay.

Key words: Airway pressure release ventilation, Low tidal volume, Acute respiratory distress syndrome

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