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中华危重症医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01) : 18 -24. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2025.01.004

论著

造血干细胞移植治疗急性白血病的疗效及复发相关因素分析
凌文君1,(), 万凌君2, 张艳3   
  1. 1. 065200 河北廊坊,河北燕达陆道培医院移植科
    2. 065200 河北廊坊,河北燕达陆道培医院细胞形态室
    3. 065200 河北廊坊,河北燕达陆道培医院细胞遗传和分子细胞遗传室
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-01 出版日期:2025-02-28
  • 通信作者: 凌文君

Effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on acute leukemia and factors influencing its recurrence

Wenjun Ling1,(), Lingjun Wan2, Yan Zhang3   

  1. 1. Department of Transplantation,Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital,Langfang 065200,China
    2. Cell Morphology Room,Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital,Langfang 065200,China
    3. Department of Cell Genetics and Molecular Cell Genetics,Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital,Langfang 065200,China
  • Received:2024-07-01 Published:2025-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Wenjun Ling
引用本文:

凌文君, 万凌君, 张艳. 造血干细胞移植治疗急性白血病的疗效及复发相关因素分析[J/OL]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2025, 18(01): 18-24.

Wenjun Ling, Lingjun Wan, Yan Zhang. Effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on acute leukemia and factors influencing its recurrence[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2025, 18(01): 18-24.

目的

探讨造血干细胞移植(HSCT)治疗急性白血病的疗效,并分析影响患者复发的相关因素。

方法

选取2020 年8 月至2022 年8 月河北燕达陆道培医院收治的172 例急性白血病患者作为研究对象,依据所接受的治疗方式不同,将其分成观察组和对照组,各86 例。观察组患者采取自体造血干细胞移植(auto-HSCT)治疗,对照组患者采取异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)治疗。对两组患者的临床资料、治疗效果及复发率进行比较。随访1 年,根据患者的复发情况将其分为复发组(38 例)和未复发组(134 例)。采用广义估计方程(GEE)模型分析患者复发的影响因素;基于影响因素建立预测模型并验证。

结果

观察组缓解率明显高于对照组[96.51%(83/86)vs.88.37%(76/86),χ2=4.077,P=0.043],而复发率则低于对照组[13.95%(12/86)vs.30.23%(26/86),χ2=6.621,P=0.010]。通过GEE 模型分析发现,性别(男)、年龄>45岁、淋巴细胞计数≤3×109/L、白细胞计数>40×109/L、血小板计数≤200×109/L、单核细胞计数>3×108/kg、CD34+细胞计数>3×106/kg、急性白血病类型(急性淋巴细胞白血病)均为患者复发的危险因素(P 均<0.05)。回归方程P=1/[1+exp(0.835+男性×1.032+年龄>45 岁×0.921+淋巴细胞计数≤3×109/L×1.103+ 白细胞计数>40×109/L×0.503+ 血小板计数≤200 ×109/L×0.883+单核细胞计数>3×108/kg×0.868+CD34+细胞计数>3×106/kg×0.799+急性淋巴细胞白血病×1.013)] 预测模型的一致率为82.56%。

结论

HSCT 治疗急性白血病具有一定的疗效,其中与allo-HSCT 相比,auto-HSCT 治疗急性白血病具有更高的缓解率和更低的复发率。复发受多种因素影响,通过构建预测模型可以为临床提供决策支持。

Objective

To investigate the efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the treatment of acute leukemia and to analyze the factors affecting its recurrence.

Methods

A total of 172 acute leukemia patients admitted to the Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital from August 2020 to August 2022 were selected as study subjects.According to different treatment methods,they were divided into an observation group and a control group,each with 86 cases.The observation group was treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT),and the control group was treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).The clinical data,therapeutic effect and recurrence rate of the two groups were compared.Patients were followed up for 1 year and divided into a recurrence group (38 cases) and a non-recurrence group (134 cases)according to their recurrence status.A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to analyze the factors affecting the recurrence of patients.Then a prediction model was established and verified based on the influencing factors.

Results

The remission rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [96.51%(83 / 86) vs.88.37% (76/86),χ2=4.077,P=0.043],while the recurrence rate was lower [13.95% (12/86) vs.30.23% (26/86),χ2=6.621,P=0.010].Through GEE model analysis,it was found that gender(male),age >45 years old,lymphocyte count ≤3 × 109/ L,white blood cell count >40 × 109/ L,platelet count ≤200×109/L,monocyte count >3 × 108/kg,CD34+ cell count >3 × 106/kg and type of acute leukemia (acute lymphoblastic leukemia) were risk factors for recurrence of acute leukemia (all P <0.05).The regression equation was as follows: P = 1 /[1 + exp (0.835 + male ×1.032+age >45 years old×0.921+lymphocyte count ≤3×109/L×1.103+white blood cell count >40×109/L×0.503+platelet count ≤200×109/L×0.883+monocyte count >3 ×108/kg×0.868+CD34+ cell count >3 × 106 / kg × 0.799 + acute lymphoblastic leukemia × 1.013)]; the predicted model agreement rate was 82.56%.

Conclusions

HSCT is effective in the treatment of acute leukemia.Compared with allo-HSCT,auto-HSCT has higher remission rate and lower recurrence rate.Relapse is affected by many factors,and the prediction model can provide clinical decision support.

表1 两组急性白血病患者的基线资料比较(±s)
表2 复发组与未复发组急性白血病患者临床资料比较[例(%)]
表3 急性白血病患者复发的影响因素分析
表4 预测模型的判别准确性评价
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