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中华危重症医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (02) : 167 -171. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2023.02.016

护理园地

危重症患者肠内营养的研究进展
刘丽, 程丽娟(), 王招娣, 万胤辰   
  1. 310003 杭州,浙江大学医学院附属第一医院老年医学科
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-25 出版日期:2023-04-30
  • 通信作者: 程丽娟
  • 基金资助:
    浙江大学2020年省教育厅抗疫专项项目(Y202043409)
  • Received:2022-07-25 Published:2023-04-30
引用本文:

刘丽, 程丽娟, 王招娣, 万胤辰. 危重症患者肠内营养的研究进展[J]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2023, 16(02): 167-171.

危重症患者由于潜在的急性和慢性疾病、应激相关的分解代谢、食欲下降、创伤和持续的炎症等原因,发生营养不良的风险增加,发生率高达38% ~ 78%[1-2]。营养不良作为一种不良结局,会导致患者病死率及住院费用增加。营养支持治疗是临床常规治疗的一部分,也是危重症患者必不可少的治疗方式,主要包括肠内营养和肠外营养[3-5]。胃肠道作为具有最大微生物负荷的免疫器官,与肠外营养相比,肠内营养能有效维持肠黏膜细胞的正常结构,促进肠道运动、分泌、消化,调节全身免疫功能,改善患者的营养状况,被认为是最理想的营养支持途径。因此,肠内营养支持不仅是一种营养供给方法,更是一种重要的治疗措施。本研究回顾国内外文献,从肠内营养时机、热量计算、途径、方案以及常见并发症等方面进行综述,为临床危重症患者肠内营养治疗的管理提供借鉴。

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