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中华危重症医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (02) : 85 -90. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2019.02.003

所属专题: 文献

论著

呼气末正压容量试验评估不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术患者容量反应性的临床价值
邹以席1, 刘金松2, 陈密1, 黄方炯1,()   
  1. 1. 100029 北京,首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心脏外科
    2. 300457 天津,天津泰达国际心血管病医院心脏外科
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-19 出版日期:2019-04-01
  • 通信作者: 黄方炯

Clinical value of the positive end-expiratory pressure volume test in evaluating fluid responsiveness in patients with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting

Yixi Zou1, Jinsong Liu2, Mi Chen1, Fangjiong Huang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
    2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Teda International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin 300457, China
  • Received:2019-02-19 Published:2019-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Fangjiong Huang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Huang Fangjiong, Email:
引用本文:

邹以席, 刘金松, 陈密, 黄方炯. 呼气末正压容量试验评估不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术患者容量反应性的临床价值[J]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2019, 12(02): 85-90.

Yixi Zou, Jinsong Liu, Mi Chen, Fangjiong Huang. Clinical value of the positive end-expiratory pressure volume test in evaluating fluid responsiveness in patients with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting[J]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2019, 12(02): 85-90.

目的

探讨呼气末正压(PEEP)容量试验对不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCABG)患者的容量反应性的诊断效能。

方法

通过Mostcare系统监测38例OPCABG患者,共完成82组成套试验:PEEP容量试验、半卧位被动直腿抬高(PLR)试验、补液试验。计算并比较三种试验前后每搏量变化率;检测PEEP容量试验前后中心静脉压(CVP)、收缩压、舒张压、重搏波压力、心率、外周血管阻力指数(SVRI)、心脏循环效率(CCE)、最大压力梯度(dP/dT)、每搏量变异率(SVV)、脉压变异率(PPV)、每搏量水平;同时,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估上述各指标对容量反应性的诊断价值。

结果

PEEP容量试验、半卧位PLR试验和补液试验的试验前后每搏量变化率依次是0.87%(-3.7%,15.1%)、16.3%(9.7%,24.5%)和16.8%(8.7%,30.6%),三种试验每搏量变化率比较,差异有统计学意义(H = 50.900,P < 0.001);进一步两两比较发现,PEEP容量试验的每搏量变化率均显著低于其他两种试验(P均< 0.001);而半卧位PLR试验和补液试验每搏量变化率的比较,差异无统计学意义(P= 0.840)。与试验前比较,PEEP容量试验后CVP [(7.0 ± 2.1)mmHg vs.(10.0 ± 2.1)mmHg]明显升高,舒张压[(59 ± 9)mmHg vs.(57 ± 9)mmHg]、收缩压[(119 ± 17)mmHg vs.(114 ± 18)mmHg]、重博波压力[69(61,78)mmHg vs. 67(59,75)mmHg]、心率[81(71,93)次/min vs. 80(71,98)次/min]、dP/dT [(0.97 ± 0.28)vs.(0.91 ± 0.28)]均明显降低(t = 26.258、2.220、3.555、1.972、3.920,P均< 0.05),而SVRI、CCE、SVV、PPV及每搏量试验前后比较,差异均无统计学意义(t = 0.856、0.476、0.700、1.073、1.483,P均> 0.05)。ROC分析结果显示:PEEP容量试验前后的SVV、PPV和半卧位PLR试验前的PPV、每搏量变化率均有诊断价值(P均< 0.05)。但是半卧位PLR试验的每搏量变化率AUC为0.740,诊断价值较好;而PEEP容量试验前后SVV、PPV及半卧位PLR试验前PPV的AUC分别为0.634、0.653、0.682、0.654、0.679,其诊断价值均较低。

结论

OPCABG患者进行PEEP容量试验总的效应是心室收缩功能的明显下降和心排量的下降,但PEEP容量试验引起的SVV、PPV和每搏量变化率的容量反应性均不佳。

Objective

To explore the diagnostic efficiency in fluid responsiveness of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) volume tests in patients with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).

Methods

Thirty-eight OPCABG patients were monitored through the Mostcare system, and 82 sets of tests, including the PEEP volume test, semi-recumbent passive leg raising (PLR) test and rehydration test, were completed. The change rate of stroke volume was calculated and compared among three tests. The levels of central venous pressure (CVP), systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, dicrotic pressure, heart rate, systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), cardiac circle efficiency (CCE), maximum pressure gradient (dP/dT), stroke volume variation (SVV), pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume were detected before and after the PEEP volume test. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to assess the diagnostic value for fluid responsiveness of above indicators.

Results

The change rates of stroke volume in the PEEP volume test, semi-recumbent PLR test and rehydration test were 0.87% (-3.7%, 15.1%), 16.3% (9.7%, 24.5%) and 16.8% (8.7%, 30.6%), respectively. The change rate of stroke volume was significantly different among three tests (H = 50.900, P < 0.001). It was significantly lower in the PEEP volume test than in the other two tests (both P < 0.001), and it was not statistically significantly different between semi-recumbent PLR and rehydration tests (P = 0.840). In the PEEP volume test, the level of CVP [(7.0 ± 2.1) mmHg vs. (10.0 ± 2.1) mmHg] was higher, and the levels of diastolic pressure [(59 ± 9) mmHg vs. (57 ± 9) mmHg], systolic pressure [(119 ± 17) mmHg vs. (114 ± 18) mmHg], dicrotic pressure [69 (61, 78) mmHg vs. 67 (59, 75) mmHg], heart rate [81 (71, 93) beats/min vs. 80 (71, 98) beats/min] and dP/dT [(0.97 ± 0.28) vs. (0.91 ± 0.28)] were lower after the test than those before the test (t = 26.258, 2.220, 3.555, 1.972, 3.920; all P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the levels of SVRI, CCE, SVV, PPV and stroke volume before and after tests (t = 0.856, 0.476, 0.700, 1.073, 1.483; all P > 0.05). The ROC showed that SVV and PPV before and after the PEEP volume test, and PPV and the change rate of stroke volume before the semi-recumbent PLR test had diagnostic value (all P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of rate of stroke volume in the semi-recumbent PLR test was 0.740, which had a better diagnostic value. However, the AUC of SVV and PPV before and after the PEEP volume test, and PPV before the semi-recumbent PLR test was 0.634, 0.653, 0.682, 0.654, 0.679, respectively, which all had lower diagnostic value.

Conclusion

The PEEP volume test can reduce ventricular systolic function and cardiac output in OPCABG patients, but the fluid responsiveness of SVV, PPV and change rate of stroke volume is poor.

表1 三种试验过程中相关指标基础数据的比较[MP25P75)]
表2 PEEP容量试验前后各指标的比较[MP25P75)]
表3 PEEP容量试验和半卧位PLR试验相关指标的ROC分析结果
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