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中华危重症医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (01) : 5 -10. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2025.01.002

论著

糖尿病酮症酸中毒并发急性胰腺炎患者的临床特征及预后分析
黄敏1, 代大华1, 黄红梅1, 付豹1, 傅小云1,()   
  1. 1. 563003 贵州遵义,遵义医科大学附属医院重症医学科
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-24 出版日期:2025-02-28
  • 通信作者: 傅小云
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82360138)贵州省卫生健康委科学基金项目(gzwk2022-015)

Clinical features and prognosis of diabetic ketoacidosis combined with acute pancreatitis

Min Huang1, Dahua Dai1, Hongmei Huang1, Bao Fu1, Xiaoyun Fu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Critical Care Medicine,Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563003,China
  • Received:2024-10-24 Published:2025-02-28
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoyun Fu
引用本文:

黄敏, 代大华, 黄红梅, 付豹, 傅小云. 糖尿病酮症酸中毒并发急性胰腺炎患者的临床特征及预后分析[J/OL]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2025, 18(01): 5-10.

Min Huang, Dahua Dai, Hongmei Huang, Bao Fu, Xiaoyun Fu. Clinical features and prognosis of diabetic ketoacidosis combined with acute pancreatitis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine(Electronic Edition), 2025, 18(01): 5-10.

目的

比较糖尿病酮症酸中毒(DKA)并发急性胰腺炎(AP)患者的临床特征和预后,探讨其对DKA 并发AP 的预测价值。

方法

选取2017 年1 月至2023 年4 月遵义医科大学附属医院重症医学科收治的63 例DKA 患者。根据是否并发AP 将其分为DKA 组(40 例)和DKA+AP 组(23 例),对比两组患者的临床资料和预后特征。采用多因素logistic 回归分析评估DKA 并发AP 的危险因素,同时采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析其对DKA 并发AP 的预测价值并比较其曲线下面积(AUC)。

结果

两组患者糖尿病诊断情况、C 反应蛋白、甘油三酯、血清钾离子(K+)、血清氯离子(Cl-)、无创呼吸机使用情况、住院总费用及3 个月内全因再入院情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P 均<0.05)。且与DKA 组相比,DKA+AP 组患者中既往糖尿病病史不详者更多,而DKA 组患者既往患1 型糖尿病者更多(P 均<0.017)。多因素logistic 回归分析结果显示,K+[比值比(OR)=0.134,95%置信区间(CI)(0.028,0.645),P=0.012]是DKA 并发AP 的保护因素,而甘油三酯是其危险因素[OR=1.918,95%CI(1.229,2.994),P=0.004]。ROC 曲线分析显示,K+的AUC 为0.697[95%CI(0.559,0.835),P = 0.010],敏感度为0.739,特异度为0.650,截断值为3.880 mmol/L;甘油三酯的AUC 为0.878[95%CI(0.786,0.970),P <0.001],敏感度为0.957,特异度为0.675,截断值为1.940 mmol/L。甘油三酯预测DKA 并发AP 的AUC 高于K+(Z=1.964,P=0.049)。

结论

既往糖尿病病史不详的患者发生DKA 时更易并发AP;高甘油三酯是DKA 并发AP 的危险因素;高甘油三酯在预测DKA 患者并发AP 上具有一定的价值。

Objective

To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) combined with acute pancreatitis (AP),and to explore their predictive value for DKA combined with AP.

Methods

A total of 63 patients with DKA who were admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2017 to April 2023 were enrolled.According to whether AP was combined,they were divided into a DKA group (40 cases) and a DKA + AP group (23 cases),and the clinical data and prognostic characteristics of the two groups were compared.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of DKA combined with AP; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze their predictive value for DKA combined with AP and the area under the curve (AUC) was compared.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in diabetes diagnosis,C-reactive protein,triglyceride,serum potassium (K +),serum chloride (Cl -),non-invasive ventilator use,total hospitalization cost,and all-cause readmission within 3 months between the two groups (all P <0.05).Compared with the DKA group,the DKA + AP group had more patients with unknown previous diabetes mellitus and fewer patients with type 1 diabetes (both P <0.017).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that K+ [odds ratio (OR)=0.134,95% confidence interval (CI)(0.028,0.645),P = 0.012] was a protective factor for DKA combined with AP,while triglyceride was a risk factor [OR=1.918,95%CI (1.229,2.994),P=0.004].ROC analysis showed that the AUC of K+ was 0.697 [95%CI (0.559,0.835),P=0.010],the sensitivity was 0.739,the specificity was 0.650,and the cut-off value was 3.880 mmol/L.The AUC of triglyceride was 0.878 [95%CI (0.786,0.970),P <0.001],the sensitivity was 0.957,the specificity was 0.675,and the cut-off value was 1.940 mmol / L.The AUC of triglyceride for predicting DKA combined with AP was higher than that of K+ (Z=1.964,P=0.049).

Conclusions

Patients with an unknown history of diabetes mellitus are more likely to have AP when DKA occurs.High triglycerides are risk factors for DKA combined with AP and thus have some value in predicting the concurrent AP in patients with DKA.

表1 两组DKA 患者的基线资料比较
表2 两组DKA 患者的实验室数据比较[M(P25,P75)]
组别 例数 白细胞计数(× 109 / L) 血红蛋白(g / L,xˉ ± s) CRP(mg / L) 甘油三酯(mmol / L) 血糖(mmol / L) AST(U / L) ALT(U / L)
DKA 组 40 15.4(10.2,26.3) 131 ± 32 29.6(7.3,68.0) 1.9(1.5,2.8) 30.1(17.5,43.0) 26.0(17.2,56.2) 17.0(10.2,34.2)
DKA + AP 组 23 11.4(8.6,18.1) 138 ± 28 115.2(32.9,176.9) 6.0(2.7,15.1) 22.8(19.9,30.4) 27.0(21.0,59.0) 15.0(10.0,21.0)
t / χ 2 / Z 1.606 0.906 3.926 4.990 1.185 0.557 0.622
P 0.108 0.369 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.236 0.577 0.534
组别 例数 总胆红素(μmol / L) 肌酐(μmol / L) 尿素(mmol / L) PTA(%,xˉ ± s) APTT(s) 糖化血红蛋白(μmol / L,xˉ ± s) pH 值(xˉ± s)
DKA 组 40 9.0(7.0,14.5) 85.0(59.0,146.5) 7.6(5.0,12.3) 106 ± 27 31.3(29.0,39.6) 12.1 ± 2.3 7.13 ± 0.15
DKA + AP 组 23 12.4(10.8,16.7) 71.0(45.0,143.0) 6.6(3.9,11.6) 102 ± 21 34.7(28.1,37.8) 11.6 ± 1.8 7.09 ± 0.13
t / χ 2 / Z 1.720 0.842 0.814 0.673 0.407 0.894 1.068
P 0.085 0.400 0.416 0.504 0.684 0.375 0.290
组别 例数 尿酮体[例(%)] K+(mmol / L,xˉ ± s) Na+(mmol / L) Cl-(mmol / L) Ca2+(mmol / L)
1+ 2+ 3+ 4+
DKA 组 40 3(7.5) 10(25.0) 27(67.5) 0(0.0) 4.4 ± 1.1 132.1(129.2,142.0) 101.8(96.5,106.7) 2.1(2.0,2.4)
DKA + AP 组 23 3(13.0) 2(8.7) 17(73.9) 1(4.3) 3.7 ± 1.0 138.0(130.9,143.0) 106.4(103.6,110.0) 2.1(2.0,2.3)
t / χ 2 / Z 4.238 2.492 1.292 2.435 0.843
P 0.231 0.015 0.196 0.015 0.399
表3 两组DKA 患者临床资料比较
表4 影响DKA 并发AP 发生的多因素logistic 回归分析
图1 K+与甘油三酯预测DKA 并发AP 的ROC 曲线分析 注:K+.血清钾离子;DKA.糖尿病酮症酸中毒;AP.急性胰腺炎;ROC.受试者工作特征
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