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中华危重症医学杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (03) : 241 -244. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-6880.2024.03.011

综述

脂肪间充质干细胞来源细胞外囊泡治疗肝纤维化、肝硬化和肝癌的研究进展
金梓渊1, 周颖2, 潘小平2,(), 潘琪2, 徐怡慧1, 毕晓晨2, 周锦鹏1   
  1. 1. 310053 杭州,浙江中医药大学第二临床医学院
    2. 310053 杭州,浙江中医药大学基础医学院
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-15 出版日期:2024-06-30
  • 通信作者: 潘小平
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY23H030001); 浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2022PY075); 浙江省大学生创新创业项目(2023R410012)
  • Received:2024-04-15 Published:2024-06-30
引用本文:

金梓渊, 周颖, 潘小平, 潘琪, 徐怡慧, 毕晓晨, 周锦鹏. 脂肪间充质干细胞来源细胞外囊泡治疗肝纤维化、肝硬化和肝癌的研究进展[J]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(03): 241-244.

各种致病因子如毒素、病毒感染、脂质沉积等均可以引起肝病,一旦超过肝脏的代偿能力,就会导致肝功能不全,引起肝炎、肝纤维化、肝硬化和肝癌等疾病[1]。目前,肝移植是临床治疗终末期肝病的金标准[2],但供肝短缺、费用昂贵、免疫排斥等限制了其广泛使用[3]。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)移植作为一种创伤性小、免疫原性低、成功率高的替代疗法,能够保留患者自身的肝脏并降低免疫排斥风险,已经在临床中广泛应用并取得了良好疗效[4]。细胞外囊泡(extracellular vesicles,EVs)含有细胞因子、趋化因子、生长因子等,可以减轻炎症反应、降低氧化应激、拮抗纤维化、调控肿瘤生长[5]。脂肪间充质干细胞来源的胞外囊泡(adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-extracellular vesicles,ADMSC-EVs)是脂肪间充质干细胞(adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells,ADMSCs)分泌的一种膜被囊泡,含有蛋白质、脂质、核酸等活性成分,可以通过旁分泌途径发挥作用,是ADMSCs发挥疗效的重要成分。许多细胞实验与动物实验均表明ADMSC-EVs能有效减轻肝损伤,抑制肝纤维化,促进肝肿瘤细胞凋亡,并抑制肝肿瘤细胞生长[6-7],ADMSC-EVs在终末期肝病治疗中发挥着举足轻重的作用。

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